The Moroccan jurist Ibn Battuta left Tangier for the pilgrimage to Mecca and continued through interconnected scholarly, courtly, pilgrimage, and commercial networks across Africa and Eurasia. His journeys took him through the Middle East, East Africa, Central and South Asia, the Maldives, Southeast Asia, and China before later travels in al-Andalus and the Mali Empire.
Sources and further reading
Ibn Battuta’s Rihla, Library of Congress. Digitized Arabic edition and catalogue essay covering Ibn Battuta’s life, journey, return to Morocco, and dictation of the Rihla to Ibn Juzayy.
Ebn Battuta, Encyclopaedia Iranica. Critical biography and itinerary analysis identifying inconsistent dates, borrowed material, disputed movements, Iranian journeys, Central Asian route, India, and the contested China narrative.
Voyages d’Ibn Batoutah, Cambridge University Press. Bibliographic record and description of the four-volume Arabic text and French translation, with the opening route from Tangier through Egypt, the Levant, and Mecca.