Marco Polo travelled with his father Niccolò and uncle Maffeo from Venice through the eastern Mediterranean, Iran, Central Asia, and the Mongol-ruled Silk Road networks to Kublai Khan’s court. Years later, the Polos accompanied Kököchin’s maritime escort from China toward Persia and continued home to Venice.
Sources and further reading
Polo, Marco, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, Treccani. Detailed critical biography supporting the maritime return through Champa, Malacca, Sumatra, Sri Lanka, India, Hormuz, Trebizond, and Constantinople.
Wikidata Geographic Coordinates, Wikimedia Foundation and Wikidata contributors. CC0 geographic coordinates used to verify unambiguous named places during the July 2026 coordinate audit. This source supports contemporary point placement only, not historical route or chronology claims.